Venetoclax in Combination With Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Ven-Rd), Daratumumab and Dexamethasone (Ven-Dd), or Daratumumab-Lenalidomide-Dexamethasone (Ven-DRd) for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma

Overview

This phase I trial tests the safety, side effects, and best dose of venetoclax in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, daratumumab and dexamethasone, or daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in treating patients with multiple myeloma. Venetoclax is in a class of medications called B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitors. It may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking Bcl-2, a protein needed for cancer cell survival. Lenalidomide is a drug that is similar to thalidomide, and is used to treat multiple myeloma and certain types of anemia. Lenalidomide belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. Dexamethasone is in a class of medications called corticosteroids. It is used to reduce inflammation and lower the body's immune response to help lessen the side effects of chemotherapy drugs. Daratumumab is in a class of medications called monoclonal antibodies. It binds to a protein called CD38, which is found on some types of immune cells and cancer cells, including myeloma cells. Daratumumab may block CD38 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. Adding venetoclax to the other drug combinations may allow control of the cancer than is possible with the current treatments.

Full Title of Study: “Phase I Clinical Trial of Bcl2 Inhibitor Venetoclax in Combination With Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Ven-Rd), Daratumumab and Dexamethasone (Ven-Dd), or Daratumumab-Lenalidomide-Dexamethasone (Ven-DRd) in t(11;14) Multiple Myeloma”

Study Type

• Study Type: Interventional
• Study Design
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Intervention Model: Sequential Assignment
  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)
• Study Primary Completion Date: September 1, 2028

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To estimate the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of venetoclax that can be combined with standard dose daratumumab and dexamethasone (Dd) (Arm A), lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) (Arm B) or daratumumab, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (DRd) (Arm C) in patients with t(11;14) multiple myeloma (MM). SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To assess frequency and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) graded per National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version (v)5.0. II. To assess best response while on treatment per International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria. OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of venetoclax. Patients with relapsed MM (Group 1) are assigned to Arm B or C. Patients with newly diagnosed MM (Group 2) are assigned to Arm A, B, or C. ARM A: Patients receive venetoclax orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28 of each cycle, daratumumab subcutaneously (SC) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-2, days 1 and 15 of cycles 3-6, and day 1 of cycles 7+, and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, 22 of cycles 1-12. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 36 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo chest x-ray and optional collection of blood samples during screening. In addition, patients undergo x-rays, whole-body low-dose computed tomography (WBLDCT), positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans during screening and on study, and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy during screening, and during follow-up ARM B: Patients receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle, lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-21 of each cycle, and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, 22 of cycles 1-12. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 36 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo chest x-ray and optional collection of blood samples during screening. In addition, patients undergo x-rays, WBLDCT, PET/CT or MRI scans during screening and on study, and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy during screening, and during follow-up. ARM C: Patients receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle, daratumumab SC on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-2, days 1 and 15 of cycles 3-6, and day 1 of cycles 7+, lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-21 of each cycle, and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-12. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 36 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo chest x-ray and optional collection of blood samples during screening. In addition, patients undergo x-rays, WBLDCT, PET/CT or MRI scans during screening and on study, and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy during screening, on study, and during follow-up. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 30 days and then every 3 or 6 months for a total of 3 years.

Interventions

• Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
  • Undergo optional collection of blood samples
• Procedure: Bone Marrow Aspiration
  • Undergo bone marrow aspiration
• Procedure: Bone Marrow Biopsy
  • Undergo bone marrow biopsy
• Procedure: Chest Radiography
  • Undergo chest x-ray
• Procedure: Computed Tomography
  • Undergo PET/CT
• Biological: Daratumumab
  • Given SC
• Drug: Dexamethasone
  • Given PO
• Drug: Lenalidomide
  • Given PO
• Procedure: Low Dose Computed Tomography of the Whole Body
  • Undergo WBLDCT
• Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Undergo MRI
• Procedure: Positron Emission Tomography
  • Undergo PET/CT
• Drug: Venetoclax
  • Given PO
• Procedure: X-Ray Imaging
  • Undergo x-rays

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

• Experimental: Arm A (Ven-Dd)
  • Patients receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle, daratumumab SC on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-2, days 1 and 15 of cycles 3-6, and day 1 of cycles 7+, and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, 22 of cycles 1-12. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 36 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo chest x-ray and optional collection of blood samples during screening. In addition, patients undergo x-rays, WBLDCT, PET/CT or MRI scans during screening and on study, and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy during screening, and during follow-up.
• Experimental: Arm B (Ven-Rd)
  • Patients receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle, lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-21 of each cycle, and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, 22 of cycles 1-12. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 36 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo chest x-ray and optional collection of blood samples during screening. In addition, patients undergo x-rays, WBLDCT, PET/CT or MRI scans during screening and on study, and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy during screening, and during follow-up.
• Experimental: Arm C (Ven-DRd)
  • Patients receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle, daratumumab SC on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-2, days 1 and 15 of cycles 3-6, and day 1 of cycles 7+, lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-21 of each cycle, and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-12. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 36 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo chest x-ray and optional collection of blood samples during screening. In addition, patients undergo x-rays, WBLDCT, PET/CT or MRI scans during screening and on study, and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy during screening, on study, and during follow-up.

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

• Dose-limiting toxicity
  • Time Frame: 28 Days (1 treatment cycle); Up to 3 years
  • Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) are defined according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0

Secondary Measures

• Frequency and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events
  • Time Frame: Up to 30 days after completion of study treatment
  • The number and severity of all adverse events (overall and by dose- level) will be tabulated and summarized in this patient population. The grade 3+ adverse events will also be described and summarized in a similar fashion. This will provide an indication of the level of tolerance for this treatment combination in this patient group.
• Best response while on treatment
  • Time Frame: Up to 3 years
  • The overall response rate and ≥ very good partial response (VGPR) rate will be estimated by the number of patients with each response category (e.g., stringent complete response, complete response, VGPR, partial response, etc) divided by the total number of evaluable patients.

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

• Diagnosed MM with bone marrow plasma cell fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test demonstrating presence of t(11;14) at the time of diagnostic bone marrow biopsy specimen at Mayo Clinic. NOTE: Testing for t(11;14) will be performed using specific FISH test under an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE). Samples tested beyond 72 hours from the collection will not be considered adequate for trial enrollment – No more than 1 cycle of any commonly used myeloma regimen for treatment of newly diagnosed MM – No prior treatment for multiple myeloma (group 2) and at least one prior line of therapy which did not include venetoclax (group 1) – Patient is not being considered for stem cell transplant (group 2, newly diagnosed only) – Age ≥ 18 years – Calculated creatinine clearance (using Cockcroft-Gault equation) ≥ 30 mL/min (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration) – Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1000/uL (without growth factor support) (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration) – Un-transfused Platelet count ≥ 75000/uL (≥ 50,000/uL if marrow plasma cells [PC]% > 50%) (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration) – Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL (transfusion permitted) (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration) – Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (known Gilbert's syndrome are allowed provided bilirubin ≤ 2.5 mg/dL) (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration) – Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 x ULN (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration) – Alkaline phosphatase ≤ 750 U/L (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration) – Measurable disease of multiple myeloma as defined by at least ONE of the following: – Serum monoclonal protein ≥ 1.0 g/dL – ≥ 200 mg of monoclonal protein in the urine on 24 hour electrophoresis – Serum immunoglobulin free light chain ≥ 10 mg/dL AND abnormal serum immunoglobulin kappa to lambda free light chain ratio – Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0, 1 or 2 – Provide written informed consent – Negative serum pregnancy test done ≤ 7 days prior to registration, for women of childbearing potential only – Willing to follow strict birth control measures as suggested by the study – Female participant is eligible to participate if she is not pregnant or breastfeeding, and at least one of the following conditions applies: – Is not a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) OR – Due to lenalidomide being a thalidomide analogue with risk for embryo-fetal toxicity and prescribed under a pregnancy prevention/controlled distribution program, WOCBP participants will be eligible if they commit to either: – Abstain continuously from heterosexual sexual intercourse as their preferred and usual lifestyle (abstinent on a long term and persistent basis) and agree to remain abstinent OR – To use birth control as follows: – Two methods of reliable birth control (one method that is highly effective and one additional effective (barrier) method), beginning 4 weeks prior to initiating treatment with lenalidomide, during therapy, during dose interruptions and continuing for 4 weeks following discontinuation of lenalidomide treatment – Male participants are eligible to participate if they agree to the following from the time of first dose of study treatment until 28-days after the last dose of lenalidomide, to allow for clearance of any altered sperm: – Refrain from donating sperm PLUS either: – Be abstinent from heterosexual intercourse as their preferred and usual lifestyle (abstinent on a long term and persistent basis) and agree to remain abstinent OR – Must agree to use contraception/barrier as detailed below: – Agree to use a male condom, even if they have undergone a successful vasectomy, and female partner to use an additional highly effective contraceptive method with a failure rate of < 1% per year as when having sexual intercourse with a woman of childbearing potential (including pregnant females) – Life expectancy ≥ 12 weeks – Willing to return to enrolling institution for follow-up (during the Active Monitoring Phase of the study) – Willing to provide research bone marrow aspirate specimen – Willing to follow the requirements of the Revlimid (Registered Trademark) Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program Exclusion Criteria:

• History of any active malignancy within the past 2 years prior to screening, with the exception of: – Adequately treated carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix – Adequately treated basal cell carcinoma or localized squamous cell carcinoma of the skin – Asymptomatic prostate cancer with no requirement for therapy – Previous malignancy surgically resected (or treated with other modalities) with curative intent – Other concurrent chemotherapy or any ancillary therapy considered investigational – NOTE: Bisphosphonates are considered to be supportive care rather than therapy, and are thus allowed while on protocol treatment – Major surgery ≤ 14 days prior to study registration – History or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality that might confound the results of the trial, interfere with the subject's participation for the full duration of the trial, or is not in the best interest of the subject to participate, in the opinion of the treating investigator – Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (HIV 1/2 antibodies) – Administration of strong/moderate CYP3A inhibitors or inducers ≤ 14 days OR 5 half-lives prior to registration, whichever is longer – Known allergy to any of the study medications, their analogues, or excipients in the various formulations of any agent – Participation in other clinical trials, including those with other investigational agents not included in this trial, ≤ 30 days prior to registration – Known gastrointestinal (GI) disease or GI procedure that could interfere with the oral absorption or tolerance of venetoclax including difficulty swallowing – Heart failure > New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II – Presence of positive hepatitis C antibody test result or positive hepatitis C ribonucleic acid (RNA) test result at screening or within 3 months prior to first dose of study treatment – Note: Participants with positive hepatitis C antibody due to prior resolved disease can be enrolled, only if a confirmatory negative hepatitis C RNA test is obtained – Note: Hepatitis RNA testing is optional and participants with negative hepatitis C antibody test are not required to also undergo hepatitis C RNA testing

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Maximum Age: N/A

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

• Lead Sponsor
  • Mayo Clinic
• Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
  • Sponsor
• Overall Official(s)
  • Shaji K. Kumar, M.D., Principal Investigator, Mayo Clinic in Rochester