Tranexamic Acid in Gender Mastectomy

Overview

The goal of this study is to examine the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in gender mastectomy surgery, specifically looking at volume loss (blood and transudate) postoperatively.

Full Title of Study: “The Role of Tranexamic Acid in Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery”

Study Type

  • Study Type: Interventional
  • Study Design
    • Allocation: Randomized
    • Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
    • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
    • Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
  • Study Primary Completion Date: January 2024

Detailed Description

Anecdotal data from plastic surgeons around the country suggests that tranexamic acid has decreased patient's drain outputs, swelling, and bruising. Based on these anecdotal reports, many University of Wisconsin (UW) surgeons in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery became interested in its use. It has a very safe profile and is inexpensive; therefore, many UW plastic surgeons have started using it topically prior to closure in many of procedures. Surgeons notice decreased drain output and bruising; and therefore decided to formally study the effects of tranexamic acid to determine whether there was a statistical difference in outcomes with the use of the drug. For this sub-study, topical TXA will be applied to the surface of surgical sites and the primary outcome will be days to drain removal postoperatively. Secondary outcomes that would be assessed is total drain fluid output in milliliters, hematoma and seroma rates, and need for transfusion for hemoglobin < 7.0 postoperatively. The hypothesis is that the use of TXA will result in earlier removal of drains by decreasing total drain fluid output and decreased need for transfusions, thus minimizing the associated complications/risks with drains and transfusions. The overall study is in two-parts, 1) a prospective study with retrospective controls via chart review and 2) a prospective controlled trial in bilateral procedures where participants serve as their own control with one side having tranexamic acid irrigation and the other side having saline irrigation. This record documents a prospective controlled trial of the use of TXA in gender mastectomy, specifically.

Interventions

  • Drug: Tranexamic Acid Irrigation
    • Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a synthetic lysine analogue that inhibits the activation of plasminogen to plasmin, temporarily inhibiting the degradation of fibrin clots.
  • Other: Saline Irrigation
    • Saline will serve as the control.

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • Experimental: Intervention Side: TXA Irrigation
    • 2.5% tranexamic acid will be applied directly to the wound via bulb irrigation and left in place for 5 minutes in the wound bed
  • Placebo Comparator: Control Side: Saline Irrigation
    • Contralateral side will serve as a control

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Days until drain removal
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op

Secondary Measures

  • Total drain output in mL for total time drain is in place
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op
  • Drain fluid output in mL/day
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op
  • Number of hematomas requiring aspiration or return to the operating room in the 30 days following surgery
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op
  • Amount of fluid evacuated (mL) – hematomas
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op
    • Amount of fluid evacuated (mL) if hematomas require aspiration or return to the operating room in the 30 days following surgery
  • Number of seromas requiring aspiration or return to the operating room in the 30 days following surgery
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op
  • Amount of fluid evacuated (mL) – seromas
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op
    • Amount of fluid evacuated (mL) if seromas require aspiration or return to the operating room in the 30 days following surgery
  • Number of Participants requiring transfusion for hemoglobin (Hgb) < 7.0 during postoperative admission
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op
  • Number of units of blood transfused to maintain Hgb >7.0 in the postoperative admission
    • Time Frame: up to 30 days post-op

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

  • Undergoing gender mastectomy – English speaking Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of thrombotic event (ie deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, stroke, myocardial infarction) – genetic disorder that increases risk of thrombosis – use of estrogens at time of surgery – pregnancy

Gender Eligibility: Female

transgender males

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Maximum Age: N/A

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • University of Wisconsin, Madison
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Sponsor
  • Overall Official(s)
    • Katy Gast, MD, MS, Principal Investigator, University of Wisconsin, Madison

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