Intravenous Access Time in Pediatric Patients

Overview

In pediatric patients with no vascular access, anesthesia induction is usually achieved with sevoflurane. The aim of investigators to evaluate the optimum intravenous access time and the corresponding bispectral index (BIS) value in pediatric surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia.

Full Title of Study: “Intravenous Access Time With the Corresponding Bispectral Index Value During Anesthesia Induction in Pediatric Patients”

Study Type

• Study Type: Interventional
• Study Design
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Masking: None (Open Label)
• Study Primary Completion Date: January 1, 2018

Detailed Description

Patients undergoing anesthesia induction must have at least one vascular access opened for administration of intravenous drugs and fluid. In pediatric patients, fear of needles and anxiety about pain can cause discomfort. For this reason, inhalational anesthetics are commonly used for anesthesia induction in children. An ideal inhalational anesthetic agent should have a smooth and fast onset, little irritation to the respiratory tract, and no undesirable side effects. Sevoflurane meets almost all these criteria, so it is commonly used for anesthesia induction in pediatric patients. Studies related to the induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane have mostly focused on the ease of LMA insertion, the recovery characteristics, the hemodynamic variabilities, comparison of high and low initial sevoflurane concentrations, and cost comparisons between fixed 8% versus incremental techniques. However, after loss of consciousness, children subjected to early intravenous cannulation during sevoflurane induction can display movement, breath holding, coughing, and even laryngospasm. Only limited data are available in the literature regarding intravenous access time at anesthesia induction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bispectral index (BIS) values and sevoflurane concentrations during induction of anesthesia and to determine the optimum intravenous access time in pediatric patients.

Interventions

• Behavioral: Intravenous access
  • A tourniquet was used to raise the vein for entry into the vein every 15 s after the ciliary reflex disappeared. If the patient showed no response to the tourniquet (movement, coughing, or laryngospasm), an experienced anesthesiologist entered a vein in the dorsum of one hand using a 22-24 gauge cannula.

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

• Other: Pediatric patients scheduled for day case surgery
  • A tourniquet was used to raise the vein for entry into the vein every 15 s after the ciliary reflex disappeared. If the patient showed no response to the tourniquet (movement, coughing, or laryngospasm), an experienced anesthesiologist entered a vein in the dorsum of one hand using a 22-24 gauge cannula.

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

• Intravenous access time with the corresponding bispectral index value during anesthesia induction in pediatric patients
  • Time Frame: 12 months
  • It was evaluated the optimum intravenous access time and the corresponding bispectral index (BIS) value in pediatric surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia.

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II – Age between 2 months to 11 years – Patients scheduled for day case surgery (including inguinoscrotal hernia or hydrocele, undescended testis, hypospadias, or routine circumcision) – Diagnostic procedures (e.g., cystoscopy) or external ventricular drainage. Exclusion Criteria:

• Obesity – Malnutrition – Gastroesophageal reflux disease – Allergy – Sensitivity to volatile anesthetics – Procedures lasting more than two hours.

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 2 Months

Maximum Age: 11 Years

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

• Lead Sponsor
  • Istanbul Medeniyet University
• Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
  • Principal Investigator: Zeynep Nur Orhon, Principal Investigator – Istanbul Medeniyet University
• Overall Official(s)
  • Zeynep N Orhon, Dr., Principal Investigator, Istanbul Medeniyet University