Cognitive Function Assessment in Patients With Focal Brain Injury

Overview

This research relates to the study of cognitive deficits related to various focal brain lesions and their localizations in the brain. it involves building a large database of behavioural responses measured during the performance of cognitive tasks in patients with focal brain injury, to allow to better understand function of brain.

Study Type

  • Study Type: Observational
  • Study Design
    • Time Perspective: Prospective
  • Study Primary Completion Date: February 6, 2030

Detailed Description

The study of patients with focal lesions is at the origin of many key discoveries in the field of neurology and cognitive neuroscience. There are many mechanisms of injury in the brain. The investigators focus on delineated lesions (as opposed to panencephalic, infectious or traumatic lesions), including stroke, excision of intracranial expansive processes or cortectomies of epileptogenic foci. At the CHUGA, several hundred patients are hospitalized each year for stroke, several dozen patients are operated on brain tumor and about thirty patients benefit from surgical treatment for their epilepsy. Post-injury cognitive disorders represent a large heterogeneous class of neurological disorders. They are differentiated by various clinical and neuropsychological profiles involving different higher functions such as attention, language, memory, decision-making or executive functions. This variability observed in these disorders complicates their characterization. Especially, there is no, on a sufficiently large scale, data collection to establish whether cognitive deficits are explained by the relative contribution of the type of test used, the location of the lesion, the nature of the pathology and the post-injury delay. This requires a large cohort of patients. The objective of this project is precisely to build a structure-function database in patients with focal brain injury (post-stroke or post-cortical resection), with the aim of conducting a transnosographic and longitudinal study of brain functions in these patients. To the knowledge of the investigators, this type of approach has not yet been proposed. Such a project should eventually lead to a better understanding of the nature of the cognitive deficits observed in different types of lesions, and to refine the correlations between structures and functions. This project is in line with the objectives set by the University Hospital Federation NeuroPsyNov, which was labeled in 2015 (Dir P. Kahane, fhu-neuropsynov.chu-grenoble.fr) and aims to encourage transnosographic and translational studies of neurological and psychiatric diseases.

Interventions

  • Behavioral: Cognitive tasks
    • Attention, language, memory, decision-making or executive functions

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • Focal Brain Injury
    • Patients with focal brain injury (post-stroke or post-cortical resection)

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Behavioral performance during cognitive tasks: Exploratory
    • Time Frame: Data collection will be done on one or more routine visits at 3, 6, 12 or 24 months post lesion (so a maximum of four two-hour sessions)
    • Behavioral performance during cognitive tasks evaluating attention, memory, language, executive functions and decision-making (reaction time, error rate, modeling parameters): Aggregated data depending of patient disorders linked to the localization of brain lesion and susceptible to evolve in the time (next 10 years).

Secondary Measures

  • Behavioral performance (reaction time, error rate, modeling parameters): Exploratory
    • Time Frame: Data collection will be done on one or more routine visits at 3, 6, 12 or 24 months post lesion (so a maximum of four two-hour sessions)
    • Behavioral performance (reaction time, error rate, modeling parameters) for a given localization according to the pathology and the delay relative to the initial event (lesion) (3, 6, 12, 24 months).

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

  • Male and female patients, 18-70 years old – A single, focal anatomical lesion of a given cerebral territory (post vascular, post surgical resection) documented by MRI – Intellectual ability and understanding of instructions compatible with the cognitive tasks to be performed Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patient deprived of liberty – Somatic disorder likely to affect cognitive abilities – Pregnant or nursing woman

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Maximum Age: 70 Years

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • University Hospital, Grenoble
  • Collaborator
    • Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Sponsor
  • Overall Official(s)
    • Philippe Kahane, MD, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Hospital, Grenoble
    • Julien Bastin, PhD, Study Chair, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences
  • Overall Contact(s)
    • Philippe Kahane, MD, PhD, +33 476 765 488, pkahane@chu-grenoble.fr

Citations Reporting on Results

Adolphs R. Human Lesion Studies in the 21st Century. Neuron. 2016 Jun 15;90(6):1151-1153. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.05.014.

Barbey AK, Colom R, Solomon J, Krueger F, Forbes C, Grafman J. An integrative architecture for general intelligence and executive function revealed by lesion mapping. Brain. 2012 Apr;135(Pt 4):1154-64. doi: 10.1093/brain/aws021. Epub 2012 Mar 6.

Clark L, Bechara A, Damasio H, Aitken MR, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW. Differential effects of insular and ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions on risky decision-making. Brain. 2008 May;131(Pt 5):1311-22. doi: 10.1093/brain/awn066. Epub 2008 Apr 3.

Deman P, Bhattacharjee M, Tadel F, Job AS, Riviere D, Cointepas Y, Kahane P, David O. IntrAnat Electrodes: A Free Database and Visualization Software for Intracranial Electroencephalographic Data Processed for Case and Group Studies. Front Neuroinform. 2018 Jul 6;12:40. doi: 10.3389/fninf.2018.00040. eCollection 2018.

Dronkers NF, Wilkins DP, Van Valin RD Jr, Redfern BB, Jaeger JJ. Lesion analysis of the brain areas involved in language comprehension. Cognition. 2004 May-Jun;92(1-2):145-77. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2003.11.002.

Kos C, van Tol MJ, Marsman JB, Knegtering H, Aleman A. Neural correlates of apathy in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, acquired brain injury, and psychiatric disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 Oct;69:381-401. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.012. Epub 2016 Aug 12.

Muller NG, Knight RT. The functional neuroanatomy of working memory: contributions of human brain lesion studies. Neuroscience. 2006 Apr 28;139(1):51-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.09.018. Epub 2005 Dec 15.

Petersen SE, Posner MI. The attention system of the human brain: 20 years after. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2012;35:73-89. doi: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-062111-150525. Epub 2012 Apr 12.

Rorden C, Karnath HO. Using human brain lesions to infer function: a relic from a past era in the fMRI age? Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Oct;5(10):813-9. doi: 10.1038/nrn1521.

Sperber C, Karnath HO. On the validity of lesion-behaviour mapping methods. Neuropsychologia. 2018 Jul 1;115:17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.07.035. Epub 2017 Aug 3.

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