Nasal Decolonization for Orthopedic Trauma Patients

Overview

Many surgical site infections are caused by bacteria that is transferred from a patient's nose to their open surgical wound. Some small studies have shown that putting povidone-iodine in a patient's nose reduces this risk. This study aims to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of nasal povidone-iodine (PROFEND®) in a group of 50 patients at the University of Iowa.

Full Title of Study: “Feasibility of Pre-operative Povidone Iodine Decolonization Among Orthopedic Trauma Surgery Patients To Reduce Staphylococcus Aureus Surgical Site Infections”

Study Type

  • Study Type: Interventional
  • Study Design
    • Allocation: N/A
    • Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
    • Primary Purpose: Prevention
    • Masking: None (Open Label)
  • Study Primary Completion Date: June 8, 2021

Detailed Description

Aim 1. Evaluate the real-world effectiveness of intranasal povidone-iodine (PROFEND®) in reducing Staphylococcus aureus colonization and surgical site infections (SSIs). Aim 1a. Evaluate patients after surgery to determine S. aureus colonization and to survey patients on tolerability of intranasal povidone-iodine decolonization. The intranasal povidone-iodine swab will be administered to the patient's nares around one hour prior to the first surgical incision. It will then be re-applied around 12 hours later, for a total of two applications within a 24 hour period. During the same visit at 24 hours after surgery, patients will also be administered a questionnaire to determine the tolerability of intranasal povidone-iodine decolonization. Questions will be asked about adverse events (e.g., itching, irritation) and how intranasal povidone-iodine felt (very pleasant, pleasant, neutral, unpleasant, very unpleasant). Based on the data obtained from this aim, we will summarize the patient acceptance of intranasal povidone-iodine. Aim 1b. Compare the rates of SSI among orthopaedic trauma surgery patients who received intranasal povidone-iodine to similar patients who received orthopedic trauma surgery before intranasal povidone-iodine implementation.

Interventions

  • Drug: intranasal povidone-iodine
    • povidone-iodine USP, 10% w/w antiseptic

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • Experimental: Nasal povidone-iodine
    • Intranasal povidone-iodine (PDI PROFEND) will be applied to the patients’ noses before orthopedic trauma surgery and after surgery. This intranasal povidone-iodine was developed under the Tentative Final Monograph for Health-Care Antiseptic Drug Products 21 CFR Parts 333 and 369 (Docket # 75N-183H), Federal Register Volume 59, Number 116, Friday, June 17, 1994, Proposed Rules. However, the product need not be controlled like a pharmaceutical drug. The product may be stored and controlled similarly to an iodine or alcohol skin preparation product.

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Number of Participants With Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization
    • Time Frame: Within 6 hours after first dose of povidone-iodine
    • A dry, sterile, rayon swab will be used to sample the anterior apex portion of the right and left nostril. This swab will be tested for S. aureus bacteria. If bacteria are found in either nostril, the participant is categorized as being colonized with S. aureus (e.g. carries the bacteria in their nose with no signs or symptoms of infection).

Secondary Measures

  • Number of Participants With Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization
    • Time Frame: Within 24 hours after surgery
    • A dry, sterile, rayon swab will be used to sample the anterior apex portion of the right and left nostril. This swab will be tested for S. aureus bacteria. This swab will be tested for S. aureus bacteria. If bacteria are found in either nostril, the participant is categorized as being colonized with S. aureus (e.g. carries the bacteria in their nose with no signs or symptoms of infection).
  • Number of Participants With Surgical Site Infection
    • Time Frame: Within 30 days of surgery
    • Surgical site infection as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network.

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

  • Patients undergoing operative fixation of lower extremity fractures at the University of Iowa during the study period. Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients unable to provide informed consent due to head trauma or dementia.

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Maximum Age: N/A

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • University of Iowa
  • Collaborator
    • Professional Disposables International, Inc.
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Principal Investigator: Marin L. Schweizer, PhD, Associate Professor – University of Iowa
  • Overall Official(s)
    • Marin L Schweizer, PhD, Principal Investigator, University of Iowa

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