A Family-based Intervention to Improve Pap Test Screening Among Under-screened Chinese American Immigrant Women

Overview

The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of the involvement of an influential person(s) (e.g., spouse, partners, parents, children, friends) on Pap test screening intention and behaviors, Pap test self-efficacy, and perceived benefits and barriers to Pap test screening among Chinese American immigrant women. These data specific to the impact of the involvement of an influential person on Pap test screening could be used to develop successful cancer prevention programs that target the specific needs of Chinese populations.

Full Title of Study: “Evaluation of A Family-based Intervention to Improve Pap Test Screening Among Under-screened Chinese American Immigrant Women”

Study Type

  • Study Type: Interventional
  • Study Design
    • Allocation: Randomized
    • Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
    • Primary Purpose: Screening
    • Masking: None (Open Label)
  • Study Primary Completion Date: June 2024

Detailed Description

The importance of the support from family, spouse, friends, or significant others has been noted among Chinese American immigrant women (CAIW), but little attention has been paid to the effects of family-based (FB) interventions, especially for cervical cancer screening. Understanding the role of CAIW's family in promoting Pap screening and other influences can lead to the creation of more culturally appropriate screening interventions. The objective of this study is to test the effects of a FB intervention on Pap test intention and behaviors, Pap test self-efficacy, and perceived benefits and barriers to Pap tests among under-screened CAIW aged 21-65. This pilot test of the FB intervention will be conducted using a randomized controlled design with two groups only, experimental and control groups. Interventions will be delivered by bilingual and bicultural CAIW trained facilitators. Post-test and follow-up telephone surveys will be conducted at 2 weeks and 6 months after the intervention.

Interventions

  • Behavioral: family-based intervention
    • The participants will identify their accompanying influential person(s) (e.g., spouse, partners, parents, children, friends) with whom they will be attending the 1.5-2 hour face-to-face education session on cervical cancer and screening. At the end of the intervention, time will be allowed for questions, as well as distributing fridge magnets and a pamphlet. Fridge magnets contain Pap test guidelines and availability of local clinics. The pamphlet covers the following topics: (a) information about female anatomy and cervical cancer, (b) risk factors for cervical cancer, (c) facts of cervical cancer incidence and mortality, and screening rates among American women, (d) methods to reduce cervical cancer (e.g., HPV vaccination), (e) Pap test procedure, (f) Pap test guidelines, and (g) availability of clinics and cost of Pap test. The participants will be encouraged to spread the message to family members and friends.
  • Behavioral: Participant only intervention
    • Only participant will attend the 1.5-2 hour face-to-face education session on cervical cancer and screening. At the end of the intervention, time will be allowed for questions, as well as distributing fridge magnets and a pamphlet. Fridge magnets contain Pap test guidelines and availability of local clinics. The pamphlet covers the following topics: (a) information about female anatomy and cervical cancer, (b) risk factors for cervical cancer, (c) facts of cervical cancer incidence and mortality, and screening rates among American women, (d) methods to reduce cervical cancer (e.g., HPV vaccination), (e) Pap test procedure, (f) Pap test guidelines, and (g) availability of clinics and cost of Pap test. The participants will be encouraged to spread the message to family members and friends.

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • Experimental: family-based intervention + education materials
    • The participants will identify their accompanying influential person (e.g., spouse, partners, parents, children, friends) with whom they will be attending the 1.5-2 hour face-to-face education session on cervical cancer and screening. Their accompanying influential person is eligible if they are (a) aged 18 or older and (b) willing to participate in the study.
  • Active Comparator: women only intervention + education materials
    • Only the participants will attend the 1.5-2 hour face-to-face intervention on cervical cancer and screening.

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Change in Receiving a Pap Test
    • Time Frame: 2 weeks after intervention
    • Change from baseline in use of a Pap test 2 weeks after intervention
  • Change in Receiving a Pap Test
    • Time Frame: 6 months after intervention
    • Change from baseline in use of a Pap test 6 months after intervention
  • Change in Intention to Receive a Pap Test
    • Time Frame: 2 weeks after intervention
    • Change from baseline in intention to receive a Pap test 2 weeks after intervention
  • Change in Intention to Receive a Pap Test
    • Time Frame: 6 months after intervention
    • Change from baseline in intention to receive a Pap test 6 months after intervention

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

  • a first-generation Chinese American – no previous cervical cancer screening within the past 3 years – no total hysterectomy – no history of cervical cancer – able to read English, Simple Chinese, or Traditional Chinese. Exclusion Criteria:

  • Not a Chinese American immigrant – Had total hysterectomy – Had history of cervical cancer – Not able to read English or Chinese

Gender Eligibility: Female

Minimum Age: 21 Years

Maximum Age: 65 Years

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • University of Nevada, Reno
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Principal Investigator: Wei-Chen Tung, Associate Professor, PhD, RN, FAAN – San Jose State University

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