The Effect of Acute Mild Dehydration on Blood Pressure Control

Overview

The goal of this project is determine how acute mild dehydration impacts blood pressure control at rest and during static exercise. This protocol will test healthy young and older adults in a normally hydrated and dehydrated condition.

Full Title of Study: “Sympathetic Reactivity to Water Restriction in Young and Older Adults”

Study Type

  • Study Type: Interventional
  • Study Design
    • Allocation: Randomized
    • Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
    • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
    • Masking: Single (Investigator)
  • Study Primary Completion Date: June 13, 2019

Detailed Description

The purpose of this project is determine how acute mild dehydration impacts blood pressure control at rest and during static exercise. Additionally, we will determine whether or not the sympathetic nervous system has a role in mediating blood pressure control at rest and during static exercise. This protocol will test healthy young and older adults in a normally hydrated and dehydrated condition. This will allow for a within participant comparison. Additionally, we will later determine if age alters blood pressure control at rest or during static exercise.

Interventions

  • Other: Normal hydration
    • see description in ‘arms’
  • Other: Dehydration
    • see description in ‘arms’

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • Experimental: Normal hydration then dehydration
    • Participants will consume water to maintain proper hydration for three days prior to testing (visit 1). Seven to 60 days later, participants will reduce water intake over three days and abstain from any water for the final 16 hours prior to testing (visit 2).
  • Experimental: Dehydration than normal hydration
    • Participants will reduce water intake over three days and abstain from any water for the final 16 hours prior to testing (visit 1). Seven to 60 days later, participants will consume water to maintain proper hydration for three days prior to testing (visit 2).

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Blood Pressure Variability
    • Time Frame: During experimental visits 1 and 2
    • Blood pressure variability (BPV) was calculated using standard deviation and using the average real variability index of blood pressure values. The average real variability index calculates the average of absolute differences between consecutive BP measurements and is thought to provide further prognostic value compared with traditional measures of BPV.
  • Blood Pressure Reactivity – Handgrip Exercise
    • Time Frame: During experimental visits 1 and 2
    • Change in systolic blood pressure during the second-minute handgrip exercise minus compared to pre-exercise baseline (i.e., at rest).

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria (Young): • age: 20-35 years old Exclusion Criteria (Young):

  • high blood pressure (>140/90 mmHg) – history of cardiovascular disease – history of cancer – history of diabetes – history of kidney disease – obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) – smoking or tobacco use – current pregnancy – nursing mothers – communication barriers Inclusion Criteria (Older): – age: 60-75 years old – ECG within normal limits – screening blood panel within normal limits Exclusion Criteria (Older): – high blood pressure (>140/90 mmHg) – history of cardiovascular disease – history of cancer – history of diabetes – history of kidney disease – obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) – smoking or tobacco use – current pregnancy – nursing mothers – communication barriers

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 20 Years

Maximum Age: 75 Years

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • University of Delaware
  • Collaborator
    • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Sponsor

Citations Reporting on Results

Watso JC, Robinson AT, Babcock MC, Migdal KU, Wenner MM, Stocker SD, Farquhar WB. Short-term water deprivation does not increase blood pressure variability or impair neurovascular function in healthy young adults. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2020 Jan 1;318(1):R112-R121. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00149.2019. Epub 2019 Oct 16.

Watso JC, Babcock MC, Robinson AT, Migdal KU, Wenner MM, Stocker SD, Farquhar WB. Water deprivation does not augment sympathetic or pressor responses to sciatic afferent nerve stimulation in rats or to static exercise in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2019 Jul 1;127(1):235-245. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00005.2019. Epub 2019 May 9.

Robinson AT, Babcock MC, Watso JC, Brian MS, Migdal KU, Wenner MM, Farquhar WB. Relation between resting sympathetic outflow and vasoconstrictor responses to sympathetic nerve bursts: sex differences in healthy young adults. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2019 May 1;316(5):R463-R471. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00305.2018. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

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