Physiologic Assessment of Coronary Stenosis Following PCI

Overview

This is a pilot study designed to assess the relationship between iFR (instantaneous wave-free ratio) pullback and the distribution of coronary atheroma/stenoses as assessed by Quantitative Coronary Angiography (QCA) post angiographically successful PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention).

Full Title of Study: “DEFINE PCI: Physiologic Assessment of Coronary Stenosis Following PCI”

Study Type

  • Study Type: Observational
  • Study Design
    • Time Perspective: Prospective
  • Study Primary Completion Date: January 18, 2019

Detailed Description

DEFINE-PCI is a multi-center, prospective, non-significant risk study in up to 25 centers in USA and internationally. Consented subjects with CAD (Coronary Artery Disease) who undergo physiologic lesion assessment with iFR<0.90 in at least 1 coronary artery are eligible for participation. After successful PCI to all culprit lesions based on angiographic assessment of the treating physician, a blinded post-PCI iFR and iFR pullback will be performed. The proportion of patients with impaired post-PCI iFR will be assessed, and the number of patients in whom ischemia could theoretically be normalized with further PCI determined. Additionally, the association between the post-PCI iFR results and cardiovascular events and clinical symptoms will be assessed. Follow-up will be at 1, 6 and 12 months, including administration of quality of life questionnaires.

Interventions

  • Diagnostic Test: iFR pullback
    • iFR pullback assessment post angiographically successful PCI

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • iFR post angiographically successful PCI

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Number of Participants With Residual Ischemia (iFR <0.90)
    • Time Frame: end of procedure/intervention
    • Residual ischemia is defined as iFR measurement <0.90 after operator-assessed angiographically successful PCI (residual diameter stenosis <50% in any treated lesion in the target vessel) This outcome describes the number of participants that had a residual ischemia (defined as iFR<0.90) after a PCI that appeared to be successful based on angiography.

Secondary Measures

  • Cardiac Events
    • Time Frame: 12 months
    • Composite endpoint of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization or recurrent ischemia at one year after PCI
  • Target Vessel Failure
    • Time Frame: 12 months
    • Target vessel failure defined as cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization
  • Quality of Life Change From Baseline to 12 Months Follow-up
    • Time Frame: 12 months
    • Quality of life (assessed by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire) at baseline, 30-days, 6 months and 1 year (12 months). Minimum score is 0 and maximum score is 100, with a high score representing a more positive quality of life score. Outcome is the change in score from baseline to 12 months follow-up.
  • Cardiac Mortality
    • Time Frame: 12 months
    • All-cause and cardiac mortality at one year
  • Target Vessel MI
    • Time Frame: 12 month
    • Target vessel Myocardial infarction at one year
  • Target Vessel Revascularization
    • Time Frame: 12 month
    • Ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization at one year
  • Recurrent Ischemia
    • Time Frame: 12 month
    • Recurrent ischemia at one-year
  • Correlation Between iFR and Angiographic Visual Interpretation
    • Time Frame: at the end of the procedure/intervention
    • Correlation between iFR <0.90 and coronary stenosis >50% assessed by visual interpretation. This was tested using generalized estimating equations for logistic regression to account for the correlation of observations from the same subject. An absolute value of exactly 1 implies that a linear equation describes the relationship between iFR and visual interpretation of the angiography. Outcome reports how well the iFR value and the visual interpretation are in agreement (for example, when iFR <0.90 and coronary stenosis >50% assessed by visual interpretation the correlation is 1).
  • Number of Participants in Which the iFR Would Become Non-significant if a Focal Stenosis Demonstrated by iFR Pullback Were Treated With PCI
    • Time Frame: Procedural
    • Number of participants in which the iFR would become non-significant if a focal stenosis demonstrated by iFR pullback were treated with PCI
  • Differentiation
    • Time Frame: End of procedure /intervention
    • Differentiation of the cause for impaired iFR
  • Delta iFR
    • Time Frame: at the end of the procedure/intervention
    • Predictors of delta iFR before and after PCI, or predictors of impaired iFR Outcome is presented as the odds ratio (OR) that the post-PCI iFR will be <0.90. An OR > 1 means greater odds that the post-PCI iFR is <0.90, OR = 1 means there is no association, and OR < 1 means there is a lower odds that the post-PCI iFR is <0.90.

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

1. Subject must be > 18 years old 2. Subjects presenting with stable angina, silent ischemia or non-ST-elevation ACS (acute coronary syndrome) (unstable angina or biomarker positive) 3. Single vessel CAD with at least 2 separate lesions (≥10 mm apart) of ≥40% stenosis or a single long lesion of ≥20mm OR multi-vessel CAD, defined as at least 2 vessels with ≥40% stenosis 4. Pre-PCI iFR performed in all vessels intended for PCI 5. Pre-PCI iFR of <0.90 of at least 1 stenosis 6. Subjects are able and willing to comply with scheduled visits and tests and to provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria:

1. Pregnant or planning to become pregnant for the duration of the study 2. Acute STEMI (ST-elevated Myocardial Infarction) within the past 7 days 3. Cardiogenic shock (sustained (>10 min) systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg in absence of inotropic support or the presence of an intra-aortic balloon pump). 4. Ionotropic or temporary pacing requirement 5. Sustained ventricular arrhythmias 6. Prior CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft) 7. Known ejection fraction ≤30% 8. Chronic Total Occlusion (CTO) 9. Known severe mitral or aortic stenosis. 10. Any known medical comorbidity resulting in life expectancy < 12 months. 11. Participation in any investigational study that has not yet reached its primary endpoint. 12. Known severe renal insufficiency (eGFR <30 ml/min/1.72 m2). 13. TIMI flow <3 at baseline 14. Intra-coronary thrombus on baseline angiography

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Maximum Age: N/A

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • Volcano Corporation
  • Collaborator
    • Duke Clinical Research Institute
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Sponsor
  • Overall Official(s)
    • Becky Inderbitzen, MSE, Study Director, Philips (Volcano)

Citations Reporting on Results

Jeremias A, Davies JE, Maehara A, Matsumura M, Schneider J, Tang K, Talwar S, Marques K, Shammas NW, Gruberg L, Seto A, Samady H, Sharp A, Ali ZA, Mintz G, Patel M, Stone GW. Blinded Physiological Assessment of Residual Ischemia After Successful Angiographic Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The DEFINE PCI Study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019 Oct 28;12(20):1991-2001. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2019.05.054.

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