Financial Incentives to Increase Pediatric HIV Testing

Overview

The purpose of this study is to determine whether giving small financial incentives will motivate parents to test their children for HIV.

Study Type

  • Study Type: Interventional
  • Study Design
    • Allocation: Randomized
    • Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
    • Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
    • Masking: None (Open Label)
  • Study Primary Completion Date: October 1, 2018

Detailed Description

The study will be a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 5 arms with equal allocation to each arm: no incentive, or one of 4 different levels of financial incentive. We will randomize 800 parents with children of unknown status at HIV treatment clinics in Western Kenya.

Interventions

  • Behavioral: Financial incentive
    • Conditional cash transfer upon HIV testing

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • No Intervention: No incentive
    • No incentive
  • Experimental: KES financial incentive 1
    • Kenyan Shillings conditional cash transfer upon HIV testing
  • Experimental: KES financial incentive 2
    • Kenyan Shillings conditional cash transfer upon HIV testing
  • Experimental: KES financial incentive 3
    • Kenyan Shillings conditional cash transfer upon HIV testing
  • Experimental: KES financial incentive 4
    • Kenyan Shillings conditional cash transfer upon HIV testing

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Number of Participants Who Present Children for HIV Testing
    • Time Frame: 2 months
    • Number of caregivers who present child(ren) to complete HIV testing at the study clinic within 2 months of recruitment; test results will be recorded in a study questionnaire
  • Number of Days Participants Take to Bring Children for HIV Testing
    • Time Frame: 2 months
    • Number of days it took between randomization and caregiver presenting the child for HIV testing

Secondary Measures

  • Number of Female Participants Who Present Children for HIV Testing (Females)
    • Time Frame: 2 months
    • HIV testing [primary outcome 1] stratified by caregiver sex (females)
  • Number of Male Participants Who Present Children for HIV Testing
    • Time Frame: 2 months
    • Time to HIV testing [primary outcome 1] stratified by caregiver sex (males)
  • Number of Caregivers With One Child Who Present Children for HIV Testing
    • Time Frame: 2 months
    • HIV testing [primary outcome 1] stratified by number of children (one child)
  • Number of Participants With More Than 1 Child Who Present Children for HIV Testing
    • Time Frame: 2 months
    • Number of participants presenting children for HIV testing among caregivers with more than child
  • Number of Caregivers With Age Less Than Median Presenting Children for HIV Testing
    • Time Frame: 2 months
    • Number of participants presenting for HIV testing stratified by caregiver age (caregiver <=38 years)
  • Number of Caregivers With Age More Than Median Presenting Children for HIV Testing
    • Time Frame: 2 months
    • Number of caregivers presenting children for HIV testing stratified by caregiver age (caregiver >38 years)

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

  • Parent/caregiver receiving HIV care – Parent/caregiver has one or more children <13 years old – Child is HIV exposed (parent/caregiver report or clinic confirmation) – Caregiver reports child's HIV status is unknown Exclusion Criteria:

  • None – The investigators reserve the right to exclude any potential enrollee who is deemed to be at high personal risk, or whose children are at high personal risk, of interpersonal violence, by study participation .

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Maximum Age: N/A

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • University of Washington
  • Collaborator
    • Kenyatta National Hospital
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Principal Investigator: Jennifer Slyker, Assistant Professor, Department of Global Health – University of Washington
  • Overall Official(s)
    • Jennifer A Slyker, PhD, Principal Investigator, University of Washington
    • Irene N Njugna, MBChB, Msc, Principal Investigator, University of Washington/Kenyatta National Hospital

References

Wagner AD, Njuguna IN, Neary J, Omondi VO, Otieno VA, Babigumira J, Maleche-Obimbo E, Wamalwa DC, John-Stewart GC, Slyker JA. Financial Incentives to Increase Uptake of Pediatric HIV Testing (FIT): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Kenya. BMJ Open. 2018 Oct 3;8(10):e024310. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024310.

Njuguna IN, Wagner AD, Omondi VO, Otieno VA, Neary J, Bosire R, Babigumira JB, Levin C, Maleche-Obimbo E, Wamalwa DC, John-Stewart G, Slyker J. Financial Incentives for Pediatric HIV Testing in Kenya. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018 Nov;37(11):1142-1144. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002035.

Atkins DL, Wagner AD, Zhang J, Njuguna IN, Neary J, Omondi VO, Otieno VA, Ondeng'e K, Wamalwa DC, John-Stewart G, Slyker JA, Beima-Sofie K. Brief Report: Use of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to Characterize Health Care Workers' Perspectives on Financial Incentives to Increase Pediatric HIV Testing. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2020 May 1;84(1):e1-e6. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002323.

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