Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Effusions of Non-squamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Overview

The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of different doses of bevacizumab injection in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

Full Title of Study: “A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Effusions of Non-squamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer”

Study Type

  • Study Type: Interventional
  • Study Design
    • Allocation: Randomized
    • Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
    • Primary Purpose: Treatment
    • Masking: None (Open Label)
  • Study Primary Completion Date: May 2019

Detailed Description

This study is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, phase II clinical study. 87 patients will be recruited. Group A (low dose group) Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 2.5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard. Group B (medium dose group) Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard. Group C (high dose group) Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 7.5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard. Main evaluation criteria: pleural effusion objective response rate(ORR) (WHO standard) Secondary evaluation criteria: pleural fluid time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), ORR, QOL scores (Quality of Life Questionnaire-lung cancer) and KPS, and safety (NCI CTCAE V4.03)

Interventions

  • Drug: Bevacizumab
    • Group A (low dose group) Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 2.5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard. Group B (medium dose group) Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard. Group C (high dose group) Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 7.5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard.

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • Experimental: Group A (low dose group)
    • Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 2.5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard.
  • Experimental: Group B (medium dose group)
    • Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard.
  • Experimental: Group C (high dose group)
    • Intrapleural injection of bevacizumab 7.5mg/kg/times, d1, d8; 21 days for a course of treatment. Subjects will received two courses of treatment if there is no termination of treatment listed in the standard.

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Pleural effusion ORR
    • Time Frame: 1 year

Secondary Measures

  • Pleural fluid TTP
    • Time Frame: 1 year
  • OS
    • Time Frame: 1 year
  • ORR
    • Time Frame: 1 year
  • QOL scores
    • Time Frame: 2 month
  • Safety (NCI CTCAE V4.03)
    • Time Frame: 2 month

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

1. Voluntarily sign informed consent; 2. Non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, newly diagnosed or previously treated with systemic chemotherapy and / or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors treatment; 3. B ultrasound, chest X-ray or CT examination to a large number of pleural effusion, with a cytology confirm of malignant pleural effusion; 4. Aged 18-75 years; 5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score ≤ 2; 6. Survival is expected to exceed 8 weeks Exclusion Criteria:

If any of the following criteria is met, the subject shall be excluded: 1. Squamous cell carcinoma (including adenosquamous carcinoma) and small cell lung cancer (including small cell carcinoma and non-small cell mixed lung cancer); 2. In the past 2 weeks, there have been systematic anti-tumor treatment including chemotherapy (including thoracic chemotherapy), radiotherapy (excluding radiotherapy of metastatic lesions outside the thoracic radiation field), targeted therapy, immunotherapy and biotherapy; 3. The subject had received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies in the past 4 weeks; 4. The subject had participated any clinical trials in the past 4 weeks; 5. The subject had previously received bevacizumab of pleural perfusion therapy; 6. Laboratory results:

  • White blood cell count <3 × 109 / L, neutrophil count <1.5 × 109 / L, platelet <75 × 109 / L, or hemoglobin <8g / dL; – Coagulation abnormalities (INR > 1.5 or prothrombin time (PT) > ULN + 4 seconds or activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) > 1.5 ULN), with bleeding tendency or being treated with thrombolysis or anticoagulation; – Serum total bilirubin ≥1.5 ULN; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥ 2.5 ULN in the absence of liver metastases; ALT or AST ≥5 ULN in liver metastases; – Serum albumin <30g / L; – Serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 ULN or creatinine clearance <40ml / min; – Urine routine urinary protein ≥ ++, or 24 hours urine protein ≥ 1.0 g; 7. Hypertension cannot be controlled by drugs; 8. Heart disease with significant clinical symptoms, such as: congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease with symptom, arrhythmia hardly be controlled by drugs, myocardial infarction in 6 months, or heart failure; 9. Imaging (CT or MRI) showed a tumor lesion 5 mm away from the large vessels, or the presence of invasive central vasculature of the central tumor; imaging (CT or MRI) showed significant cavitation or necrosis of the lung tumor; Other diseases that may cause haemoptysis; 10. Imaging (CT or chest radiograph) showed significant pneumothorax, fluid pneumothorax; 11. Bilateral pleural cavity to a large number of effusion or encapsulated pleural effusion; 12. Obvious cough blood in 6 months, or daily hemoptysis amounted to half a teaspoon (2.5ml) or more; 13. Significant bleeding symptoms or with definite bleeding tendency within 12 months before randomization, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagic gastric ulcer, occult blood ++ and above, intracerebral hemorrhage, vasculitis, or with congenital or acquired coagulopathy disorders; 14. Thrombosis, cancer thrombosis (including arteriovenous thrombosis, tumor thrombus, pulmonary embolism, transient ischemic attack, etc.) occurred within 12 months; 15. There are gastrointestinal obstruction, peptic ulcer, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and other gastrointestinal diseases or other diseases may cause gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation; 16. Severe respiratory diseases, or need long-term oxygen, corticosteroid treatment of diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease and respiratory failure; 17. The toxicity of previous antineoplastic therapies has not yet recovered to below grade 2 or has not fully recovered; 18. Patients with uncontrolled central nervous system metastasis; 19. There are serious uncontrolled systemic diseases, such as nephrotic syndrome, infection, poorly controlled diabetes; 20. Patients with active HIV(human immunodeficiency virus), HBV(hepatitis B virus), or HCV(hepatitis C virus) infection; 21. Patients had undergone surgery (<28 days) or did not heal completely, or had other unhealed wounds before the study; 22. Patients known to be allergic to bevacizumab or any of the components of the drug; 23. Pregnant or lactating female patients, or unwilling to take contraceptive measures of reproductive age patients (including men); 24. There is a serious psychological or mental abnormality, or lack of compliance; 25. The investigator determines other circumstances that may affect the conduct of clinical studies and the determination of findings.

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Maximum Age: 75 Years

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute
  • Collaborator
    • Peking University First Hospital
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Principal Investigator: Jian Fang, Director, Head of thoracic oncology – Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute
  • Overall Official(s)
    • Jian Fang, Principal Investigator, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute
  • Overall Contact(s)
    • Jian Fang, +86-010-88196459, bcht2_mj@163.com

References

Du N, Li X, Li F, Zhao H, Fan Z, Ma J, Fu Y, Kang H. Intrapleural combination therapy with bevacizumab and cisplatin for non-small cell lung cancer-mediated malignant pleural effusion. Oncol Rep. 2013 Jun;29(6):2332-40. doi: 10.3892/or.2013.2349. Epub 2013 Mar 15.

Citations Reporting on Results

Medford AR, Maskell NA. A national survey of oncologist and chest physicians' attitudes towards empirical anti-oestrogen therapy, early pleurodesis and preference of sclerosing agent in malignant breast and ovarian pleural disease. Palliat Med. 2005 Jul;19(5):430-1. doi: 10.1191/0269216305pm1033xx. No abstract available.

Seto T, Ushijima S, Yamamoto H, Ito K, Araki J, Inoue Y, Semba H, Ichinose Y; Thoracic Oncology Group. Intrapleural hypotonic cisplatin treatment for malignant pleural effusion in 80 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a multi-institutional phase II trial. Br J Cancer. 2006 Sep 18;95(6):717-21. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603319. Epub 2006 Aug 29.

Numnum TM, Rocconi RP, Whitworth J, Barnes MN. The use of bevacizumab to palliate symptomatic ascites in patients with refractory ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 2006 Sep;102(3):425-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.05.018. Epub 2006 Jun 23.

Pichelmayer O, Gruenberger B, Zielinski C, Raderer M. Bevacizumab is active in malignant effusion. Ann Oncol. 2006 Dec;17(12):1853. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdl143. Epub 2006 Jun 21. No abstract available.

Kesterson JP, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Lele S. The use of bevacizumab in refractory ovarian granulosa-cell carcinoma with symptomatic relief of ascites: a case report. Gynecol Oncol. 2008 Dec;111(3):527-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.07.015. Epub 2008 Aug 16.

Pichelmayer O, Zielinski C, Raderer M. Response of a nonmalignant pleural effusion to bevacizumab. N Engl J Med. 2005 Aug 18;353(7):740-1. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200508183530722. No abstract available.

Bae SH, Hwang JY, Kim WJ, Yoon HH, Kim JM, Nam YH, Baek HG, Cho YR, Park SY, Kim JH, Kim SH, Park TH, Lee GN, Rha SH, Kim YD. A case of cardiac amyloidosis with diuretic-refractory pleural effusions treated with bevacizumab. Korean Circ J. 2010 Dec;40(12):671-6. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2010.40.12.671. Epub 2010 Dec 31.

Kitamura K, Kubota K, Ando M, Takahashi S, Nishijima N, Sugano T, Toyokawa M, Miwa K, Kosaihira S, Noro R, Minegishi Y, Seike M, Yoshimura A, Gemma A. Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy for advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2013 Feb;71(2):457-61. doi: 10.1007/s00280-012-2026-4. Epub 2012 Nov 21.

Hama M, Komatsu Y, Hachiya T. [A case of lung cancer showing marked reduction of pleural effusion by bevacizumab in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2011 Nov;38(11):1877-9. Japanese.

Mitsuhiro Fuji, Shin-Ichiro Iwakami1, Hiroaki Ihara. Efficacy and safety of chemotherapy containing bevacizumab in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion. Respirology. 2013;18 (Suppl.4): 87

Masago K, Fujimoto D, Fujita S, Hata A, Kaji R, Ohtsuka K, Okuda C, Takeshita J, Katakami N. Response to bevacizumab combination chemotherapy of malignant pleural effusions associated with non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer. Mol Clin Oncol. 2015 Mar;3(2):415-419. doi: 10.3892/mco.2014.457. Epub 2014 Nov 19.

Tamiya M, Tamiya A, Yamadori T, Nakao K, Asami K, Yasue T, Otsuka T, Shiroyama T, Morishita N, Suzuki H, Okamoto N, Okishio K, Kawaguchi T, Atagi S, Kawase I, Hirashima T. Phase2 study of bevacizumab with carboplatin-paclitaxel for non-small cell lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion. Med Oncol. 2013;30(3):676. doi: 10.1007/s12032-013-0676-7. Epub 2013 Aug 8.

El-Shami K, Elsaid A, El-Kerm Y. Open-label safety and efficacy pilot trial of intraperitoneal bevacizumab as palliative treatment in refractory malignant ascites. J Clin Oncol.2007;25(18 suppl):9043

Hamilton CA, Maxwell GL, Chernofsky MR, Bernstein SA, Farley JH, Rose GS. Intraperitoneal bevacizumab for the palliation of malignant ascites in refractory ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2008 Dec;111(3):530-2. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.04.028. Epub 2008 Jun 18.

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