Effects of Vildagliptin/Metformin Combination on Markers of Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Inflammation in Diabetics With Coronary Artery Disease

Overview

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that combined vildagliptin-metformin therapy is associated with clinically significant reductions in biological markers of inflammation, pro-thrombogenicity, and atherosclerosis as compared to metformin mono-therapy in a population of diabetic patients with coronary artery disease who undergo cardiac rehabilitation. The pre-specified established biological markers of inflammation, pro-thrombogenicity, and atherosclerosis will include: interleukin-6 (IL-6 – primary biological marker), hs-CRP, platelet reactivity testing, MMP-9, Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and adiponectin levels.

Full Title of Study: “Effects of Vildagliptin/Metformin Combination on Markers of Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Inflammation in Diabetic Patients With Coronary Artery Disease”

Study Type

  • Study Type: Interventional
  • Study Design
    • Allocation: Randomized
    • Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
    • Primary Purpose: Treatment
    • Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
  • Study Primary Completion Date: April 2016

Detailed Description

The study is designed as a single-center, randomized, non-blinded, clinical trial to provide evidence on the effects of vildagliptin on key biomarkers of atherothrombosis and inflammation. We plan to prospectively enroll 60 patients with proven coronary artery disease and randomize them in a 2:1 ratio to either vildagliptin-metformin therapy (n=40) or metformin therapy (n=20).

Interventions

  • Drug: Metformin plus vildagliptin
    • Oral Metformin 850mg and vildagliptin 50mg, qd initially, up-titrated to BID if clinically necessary
  • Drug: Metformin only
    • Oral Metformin 850mg QD, up-titrated to 850mg TID is clinically indicated

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • Experimental: Vildagliptin+metformin
    • Oral Vildagliptin+metformin combination
  • Active Comparator: Metformin only
    • Oral metformin only

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Reduction in serum levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6)
    • Time Frame: 3 months

Secondary Measures

  • Improvement in other markers of athero-thrombosis and inflammation:
    • Time Frame: 3 months
    • I. Improvement in other markers of athero-thrombosis and inflammation: High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Platelet reactivity Adiponectin levels IL-1 beta Matrix metallo-peptidase 9 (MMP-9) Additional exploratory markers including: IL-1 alpha ,, IL-17, TNF-alpha, MCP-1

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on oral mono-therapy or diet only treatment – Stable documented ischemic Heart disease (>30 days post AMI, CABG or PCI) – Sub-optimal Hb A1c as defined ≥6.5% – Age > 21 – Life expectancy >1 year Exclusion Criteria:

  • Significant renal impairment (creatinine ≥1.4 mgdL females or ≥1.5 mgdL males) – Planned coronary intervention or planed surgical intervention (PCI or CABG) – Planned surgical intervention – Recent (<30 day) acute coronary syndrome (ACS) – Hypersensitivity to either of the study drug components – History of lactic acidosis – Type I diabetes – Current Hb A1c >9% – Current Insulin treatment – Active treatment with GLP-1 or DPP4i medication – Hepatic impairment or ALTAST elevations beyond X2 upper normal limit or known hepatic failure – Inability to comply with study protocol – Active malignancy other than basal cell carcinoma (BCC) – Clinically advanced congestive heart failure – NYHA III-IV – Severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF<30%) with NYHA II or any NYHA class with documented recent heart failure decompensation (<3 months) – Severe stable cardiac angina CCS III – IV or Unstable angina – Chronic inflammation (i.e. IBD, Lupus, inflammatory arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis) or chronic infection (i.e. chronic diabetic foot infection) – Pregnancy, lactation or child-bearing potential

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: 21 Years

Maximum Age: N/A

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • Sheba Medical Center
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Principal Investigator: Dr. Robert Klempfner Heart Rehabilitation Institute, Robert Klempfner MD – Sheba Medical Center
  • Overall Official(s)
    • Robert Klempfner, MD, Principal Investigator, Sheba Medical Center

References

Shah Z, Kampfrath T, Deiuliis JA, Zhong J, Pineda C, Ying Z, Xu X, Lu B, Moffatt-Bruce S, Durairaj R, Sun Q, Mihai G, Maiseyeu A, Rajagopalan S. Long-term dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibition reduces atherosclerosis and inflammation via effects on monocyte recruitment and chemotaxis. Circulation. 2011 Nov 22;124(21):2338-49. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.041418. Epub 2011 Oct 17.

Goossen K, Graber S. Longer term safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2012 Dec;14(12):1061-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01610.x. Epub 2012 May 17.

Zoungas S, Patel A, Chalmers J, de Galan BE, Li Q, Billot L, Woodward M, Ninomiya T, Neal B, MacMahon S, Grobbee DE, Kengne AP, Marre M, Heller S; ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Severe hypoglycemia and risks of vascular events and death. N Engl J Med. 2010 Oct 7;363(15):1410-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1003795.

Jenny NS, Brown ER, Detrano R, Folsom AR, Saad MF, Shea S, Szklo M, Herrington DM, Jacobs DR Jr. Associations of inflammatory markers with coronary artery calcification: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Mar;209(1):226-9. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.08.037. Epub 2009 Aug 28.

Derosa G, Maffioli P, Ferrari I, Mereu R, Ragonesi PD, Querci F, Franzetti IG, Gadaleta G, Ciccarelli L, Piccinni MN, D'Angelo A, Salvadeo SA. Effects of one year treatment of vildagliptin added to pioglitazone or glimepiride in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients. Horm Metab Res. 2010 Aug;42(9):663-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1255036. Epub 2010 Jun 17.

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