Observational Study on the Effect of NovoMix® 30, Levemir® or NovoRapid® (Alone or Combined) in Type 2 Diabetics Previously Treated With Anti-diabetic Medication

Overview

This study is conducted in Africa, Asia, South America and Europe. The aim of this observational study is to document the experience with the study insulins when used in routine clinical practice. After the physician's decision to start insulin treatment using NovoMix® 30, Levemir® or NovoRapid® (alone or combined), type 2 diabetics will be eligible to be included in this study at the physician's discretion

Full Title of Study: “The Effect of NovoMix® 30, Levemir® or NovoRapid® (Alone or in Combination) in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Previously Treated With Other Anti-diabetic Medication. A 24-week, International, Prospective, Multi-centre, Open-labelled, Non-interventional Study”

Study Type

  • Study Type: Observational
  • Study Design
    • Time Perspective: Prospective
  • Study Primary Completion Date: March 2011

Interventions

  • Drug: insulin aspart
    • Start dose and frequency to be prescribed by the physician as a result of the normal clinical evaluation
  • Drug: insulin detemir
    • Start dose and frequency to be prescribed by the physician as a result of the normal clinical evaluation
  • Drug: biphasic insulin aspart
    • Start dose and frequency to be prescribed by the physician as a result of the normal clinical evaluation

Arms, Groups and Cohorts

  • A

Clinical Trial Outcome Measures

Primary Measures

  • Number of serious adverse drug reactions and major hypoglycaemic events reported as serious adverse drug reactions
    • Time Frame: at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks

Secondary Measures

  • Evaluate the prescribing patterns and choice of insulin analogues in routine clinical practice
    • Time Frame: at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks
  • Change in number of hypoglycaemic events
    • Time Frame: at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks
  • Change in HbA1c
    • Time Frame: at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks
  • Change in FPG (Fasting Plasma Glucose)
    • Time Frame: at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks
  • Change in PPG (postprandial glucose)
    • Time Frame: at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks

Participating in This Clinical Trial

Inclusion Criteria

  • After the physician has taken the decision to use NovoMix®30, Levemir® or NovoRapid® (alone or combined), any subject with type 2 diabetes who is not treated with these insulins or who has started on these insulin within the last 4 weeks before inclusion into this study is eligible for the study. – The selection of the subjects will be at the discretion of the individual physician. Exclusion Criteria:

  • Subjects treated with NovoMix® 30, Levemir® or NovoRapid® (alone or in combination) for more than 4 weeks before inclusion into this study. – Subjects who were previously enrolled in this study. – Subjects with a hypersensitivity to NovoMix® 30, Levemir® or NovoRapid® or to any of the excipients. – Women who are pregnant, breast feeding or have the intention of becoming pregnant within the next 6 months.

Gender Eligibility: All

Minimum Age: N/A

Maximum Age: N/A

Are Healthy Volunteers Accepted: No

Investigator Details

  • Lead Sponsor
    • Novo Nordisk A/S
  • Provider of Information About this Clinical Study
    • Sponsor
  • Overall Official(s)
    • Global Clinical Registry (GCR, 1452), Study Director, Novo Nordisk A/S

Citations Reporting on Results

Home P, Naggar NE, Khamseh M, Gonzalez-Galvez G, Shen C, Chakkarwar P, Wenying Y. An observational non-interventional study of people with diabetes beginning or changed to insulin analogue therapy in non-Western countries: the A1chieve study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Dec;94(3):352-63. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.10.021.

Shah S, Zilov A, Malek R, Soewondo P, Bech O, Litwak L. Improvements in quality of life associated with insulin analogue therapies in people with type 2 diabetes: results from the A1chieve observational study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Dec;94(3):364-70. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.10.020.

Shah SN, Litwak L, Haddad J, Chakkarwar PN, Hajjaji I. The A1chieve study: a 60 000-person, global, prospective, observational study of basal, meal-time, and biphasic insulin analogs in daily clinical practice. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010 May;88 Suppl 1:S11-6. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8227(10)70003-6.

Randeree H, Liebl A, Hajjaji I, Khamseh M, Zajdenverg L, Chen JW, Haddad J. Safety and effectiveness of bolus insulin aspart in people with type 2 diabetes: a1chieve sub-analysis. Diabetes Ther. 2013 Jun;4(1):153-66. doi: 10.1007/s13300-013-0026-y. Epub 2013 Jun 12.

Zilov A, El Naggar N, Shah S, Shen C, Haddad J. Insulin detemir in the management of type 2 diabetes in non-Western countries: safety and effectiveness data from the A(1)chieve observational study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2013 Sep;101(3):317-25. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.06.003.

Shah S, Yang W, Hasan MI, Malek R, Molskov Bech O, Home P. Biphasic insulin aspart 30 in insulin-naive people with type 2 diabetes in non-western nations: results from a regional comparative multinational observational study (A(1)chieve). Diabetes Technol Ther. 2013 Nov;15(11):954-63. doi: 10.1089/dia.2013.0074. Epub 2013 Sep 20.

Home PD, Latif ZA, Gonzalez-Galvez G, Prusty V, Hussein Z. The effectiveness and safety of beginning insulin aspart together with basal insulin in people with type 2 diabetes in non-Western nations: results from the A(1)chieve observational study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2013 Sep;101(3):326-32. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.06.005.

Litwak L, Goh SY, Hussein Z, Malek R, Prusty V, Khamseh ME. Prevalence of diabetes complications in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with baseline characteristics in the multinational A1chieve study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2013 Oct 24;5(1):57. doi: 10.1186/1758-5996-5-57.

Chen L, Xing X, Lei M, Liu J, Shi Y, Li P, Qin G, Li C, Li Y, Wang Q, Gao T, Hu L, Wang Y, Yang W. Biphasic insulin aspart 30 improved glycemic control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes poorly controlled on oral glucose-lowering drugs: a subgroup analysis of the A(1)chieve study. Chin Med J (Engl). 2014;127(2):208-12.

Hwang YC, Kang JG, Ahn KJ, Cha BS, Ihm SH, Lee S, Kim M, Lee BW. The glycemic efficacies of insulin analogue regimens according to baseline glycemic status in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes: sub-analysis from the A(1)chieve((R)) study. Int J Clin Pract. 2014 Nov;68(11):1338-44. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.12482. Epub 2014 Oct 6.

Yang W, Zhuang X, Li Y, Wang Q, Bian R, Shen J, Hammerby E, Yang L. Improvements in quality of life associated with biphasic insulin aspart 30 in type 2 diabetes patients in China: results from the A1chieve(R) observational study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2014 Nov 26;12:137. doi: 10.1186/s12955-014-0137-9.

Khamseh ME, Haddad J, Yang W, Zilov A, Bech OM, Hasan MI. Safety and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30 in different age-groups: a1chieve sub-analysis. Diabetes Ther. 2013 Dec;4(2):347-61. doi: 10.1007/s13300-013-0033-z. Epub 2013 Jul 17.

Home PD, Shen C, Hasan MI, Latif ZA, Chen JW, Gonzalez Galvez G. Predictive and explanatory factors of change in HbA1c in a 24-week observational study of 66,726 people with type 2 diabetes starting insulin analogs. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(5):1237-45. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2413. Epub 2014 Mar 4.

El-Naggar N, Almansari A, Khudada K, Salman S, Mariswamy N, Abdelfattah W, Hashim F. The A1 chieve study – an observational non-interventional study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating or switched to insulin analogue therapy: subgroup analysis of the Gulf population. Int J Clin Pract. 2013 Feb;67(2):128-38. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.12078.

El Naggar NK, Soewondo P, Khamseh ME, Chen JW, Haddad J. Switching from biphasic human insulin 30 to biphasic insulin aspart 30 in type 2 diabetes is associated with improved glycaemic control and a positive safety profile: results from the A(1)chieve study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2012 Dec;98(3):408-13. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.09.043.

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